В настоящей рубрике публикуются аннотации к статьям «Вестника Международной академии холода» ("Вестника МАХ") - международного ежеквартального научно-теоретического журнала, являющегося печатным органом общественной организации - «Международной академии холода» ("International Academy of Refrigeration").
Вестник МАХ издается с 1998 года.
Главный редактор журнала: Бараненко Александр Владимирович, д-р техн. наук, профессор.
Тематика журнала: "Исследования и разработки по всем направлениям холодильной и криогенной техники, кондиционированию воздуха и проблемам экологии".
The international scientific-theoretical quarterly magazine about scientific and technical developments on all directions of refrigeration, cryogenic engineering and technology, air conditioning and problems of ecology.
«Vestnik of International Academy of Refrigeration» – published since 1998.
1. Теоретические исследования влияния геометрических параметров рабочих элементов спирального компрессора на величину газовых сил / А.М. КАРЧЕВСКИЙ
(ЗАО "НИИтурбокомпрессор им.В.Б. Шнеппа", г. Казань)
On the first step of investigations only one of the geometrical parameters of the spiral was changed - the height of the fin, the thickness, radius of initial circle of the involute, the angle of twist of the involute, geometrical pressure ratio and the angle parameter of the trailer. In this case the rest of the listed parameters remained constant. The next step of work consisted of the optimization of the investigated parameter from the point of view of minimization of gas forces. In this case the variation of the other parameter was allowed within the frames of invariability of theoretical volumetric efficiency. Based on the obtained results recommendations are given on selection of geometrical parameters of a screw compressor.
2. Влияние способа регулирования холодопроизводительности и внешних условий на эффективность винтового компрессора / А.В. АНУФРИЕВ, В.И. ПЕКАРЕВ
(Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет низкотемпературных и пищевых технологий)
The internal processes in a screw compressor on the basis of the first law of thermodynamics for an open thermodynamic system are considered. The differential equations, describing pressure and temperature changes in the working space of a screw compressor depending on the turning angle of rotor are obtained. The differential equation of oil temperature change in the space is derived. The solution of the obtained system of equations made it possible to build the design indicator diagrams during capacity con trot by sliding valves of different form.
3. Сжатие различных рабочих тел в центробежном компрессоре теплового насоса / Канд. техн. наук И.А. БАРСКИЙ, канд. техн. наук И.К. ШАТАЛОВ, Е.В. ДАНИЛОВ
(Российский университет дружбы народов), Д.В. ТЕРЕХОВ (ФГУП ММПП "Салют")
Compression processes of air and refrigerants in centrifugal compressors used in heat pumps are compared. It is shown that pressure ratio of freons is higher and compressor efficiency is lower in comparison with air.
4. Оценка влияния теплообменников растворов на эффективность абсорбционной бромистолитиевой холодильной машины / А.А МАЛЫШЕВ, О.С. МАЛИНИНА, д-р техн. наук Л.С. ТИМОФЕЕВСКИЙ
(Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет низкотемпературных и пищевых технологий)
The purpose of the work - the evaluation of influence of heat exchangers of solutions on the efficiency of absorption lithium-bromide refrigeration machines (ABHM). The analysis of ABHM with two-stage generation of vapor (with parallel movement of solution through generator steps) and with two heat exchangers of solutions has been carried out. Depending on temperature difference on cold side AT of the heat exchanger (15, 30, 45 K), a thermal coefficient, a ratio of heat exchangers areas to the total area of the apparatuses of the machine and the ratio of the weight of lithium bromide for charging of heat exchangers to the total weight of lithium bromide was evaluated. It has been revealed that AT has a significant effect on efficiency of the machine. AT = 15 K is quite reasonable, but consideration of other factors is necessary for obtaining a final solution.
5. Анализ эффективности холодильных установок судов-газовозов термоэкономическим методом / Д-р техн. наук В.Н. ЭРЛИХМАН, канд. техн. наук В.И. МИЛЯЕВ
(Калининградский государственный технический университет)
A thermo-economic model of a cascade refrigeration plant of gas carrier, taking into account its relationship with fuel-energy complex of the ship is presented. The use of the value of fuel consumption, taking into consideration integrally the fuel consumption for electrical energy production and the weight of the refrigerating plant and of the fuel-energy complex of the ship, ensuring its operation, was substantiated as the criterion of optimization of marine refrigeration plants. Optimum temperature drops in a condenser-evaporator and a condensing temperature during ethylene transportation and the use of fr?on R22 and the ozone-safe propane as a refrigerant of the upper cascade have been determined.
6. Особенности течения вязкопластических нелинейных сред в круглых прямых трубах / В.А. АРЕТ, В.В. ПЕЛЕНКО, А.Г. КРЫСИН, Ф.В. ПЕЛЕНКО, Р.Г. ОЛЬШЕВСКИЙ
(Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет низкотемпературных и пищевых технологий)
General decision of task for laminar current of visco- plastic non-linear media in circular straight tubes with forming of central kernel into the flow and in the presence of slippage (absence of adherence to the wall) is given.
7. Ассиметричное единое уравнение состояния R134a / Канд. техн. наук И.В. КУДРЯВЦЕВА, д-р техн. наук В.А. РЫКОВ, С.В. РЫКОВ
(Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет низкотемпературных и пищевых технологий)
R134a is applied as working substance in refrigerating and heat pump technique. Its equation of state which is intended for the description experimental thermal properties in gas and liquid phases is offered. For scale functions (a (x)) expressions which are picked up are received in such a manner that provides the conditions dictated by the scale theory for free energy in critical area. Mean-square distance calculated on the asymmetric uniform equation of a condition and experimental data have made: for density in single- phase area δp =0,19 %; for pressure in single-phase area δp = 0,31 %; for density on a steam branch of a line of saturation δp- =1 %; for density on a liquid branch of a line of saturation δp+ = 0,21 %; for speed of a sound δw = 0,3%. In the field of a liquid the absolute error of the description of density is at level of 0,01 ...0,05 %. In the field of the rarefied gas deviation 6p a little above also is at level of 0,1...0,2 %. In trancritical areas size Sp increases a little and is at level of 0,2...0,6 %.
8. Перспективные разработки в области металловедения для криогенного и низкотемпературного оборудования / Ю.П. СОЛНЦЕВ
(Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет низкотемпературных и пищевых технологий)
The second part of the article presents the method of non-destructive control of equipment by the value of magnetic permeability, and also considers the segregation embrittlement of cold-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels during long operation. The investigations carried out have allowed to establish that from the point of view of a segregation process the temperature of warm-up of the equipment during operation shouldn't exceed 400 °C, then its service life can be prolonged beyond the established operation period.
9. Увеличение сроков хранения скоропортящихся продуктов при их облучении высокоэффективным излучением сплошного спектра / И.А. ЖЕЛАЕВ, Ю.А. ШЕВИЧ, С.Г. ШАШКОВСКИЙ, Н.А. ПОЛИКАРПОВ
(МГТУ им. Н.Э.Баумана)
The results of preliminary irradiation of grapes bunches by high-intensity radiation of a pulsed xenon lamp are presented. The number of spoiled berries during 21 day storage period at 4 °C is approximately three times less, when the grapes were previously subjected to irradiation.
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Руководитель проекта и Главный редактор: Санасар Маргарян
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